On the Lack of Asteroids in the Hecuba Gap     

S. Ferraz-Mello  D. Nesvorný  T.A. Michtchenko 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1997,69(1-2):171-185

The lack of asteroids in the 2/1-resonance is explained by the global stochasticity of the solutions in the Sun-Jupiter-Saturn-asteroid model. The explanation is based on data obtained with Laskar's frequency map analysis and on simulations showing the decisive influence of Jupiter's orbit perturbations related to the "Great Inequality". This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

资本积累驱动下不同尺度地理空间的不平衡发展——史密斯马克思主义空间理论探讨   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

谢富胜  巩潇然 《地理学报》2018,73(8):1407-1420

尼尔·史密斯是世界知名的人文地理学者和马克思主义地理学家。他在不平衡发展理论的基础上,整合马克思主义和地理学的资本周期运动、空间一体化与尺度推移等范畴,提出了实现平衡发展的途径,极大地丰富和发展了马克思主义地理学,为研究当代社会空间问题提供了更为具体的分析框架和新的理论解释。其理论的核心是把地理空间视为生产资料、社会产物以及空间关系的总和,认为地理空间生产是特定时期资本增殖的重要方式。目前中国学者虽引进其部分理论,但整体了解还比较欠缺。本文将其理论概括和梳理为空间生产、地理尺度、美式帝国主义、绅士化4个方面,分析资本积累驱动下地理空间的不平衡发展过程,深度解析社会、空间与地理的尺度交错与互动关系,阐明资本周期运动、美式帝国扩张和绅士化的逻辑关联,最后以租隙理论为主剖析了城市尺度的资本周期运动。本文旨在为国内学者研究史密斯的马克思主义空间理论以及马克思主义地理学提供纲要和逻辑线索,并为中国城市化转型和经济增长方式转变提供理论参考和方法启示。  相似文献   

中国超级杂交稻在孟印缅地区的生产潜力模拟     

王小博  王绍强  陈敬华  崔惠娟  吴宜进  N H RAVINDRANATH  A RAHMAN 《地理学报》2018,73(11):2184-2197

水稻是孟加拉国、印度和缅甸最重要的粮食作物,研究中国超级杂交稻对孟印缅地区的水稻增产潜力,对于保障孟中印缅经济走廊的粮食安全与区域可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。在全面收集孟印缅地区气候、土壤、田间管理信息和农业统计数据的基础上,结合中国籼型杂交稻F优498和丰两优4号的品种信息和区试数据,通过EPIC模型模拟了1996-2005年雨季孟印缅3国在不同情景下的超级稻生产潜力,并分析了孟印缅地区主要胁迫因子对超级稻单产潜力的影响。研究表明：① 中国超级杂交稻在孟印缅地区2000年的灌溉和施肥水平下单产潜力为10.22 t/ha,在充分灌溉且合理施肥的水平下单产潜力为11.33 t/ha。② 孟印缅地区雨季稻的增产空间达22771万t,水稻增产潜力最大的地区是印度的恒河平原东部、印度半岛东南沿海与缅甸的伊洛瓦底三角洲。③ 印度德干高原东北部、西南部和印度大平原西北部需要进一步完善灌溉设备以满足高产水稻用水,缅甸的中南部平原地区和印度的东北地区则需要增施氮肥以满足高产水稻用肥。  相似文献   

水平衡下黄淮海平原区耕地可持续生产能力测算   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

雷鸣  孔祥斌  王佳宁 《地理学报》2018,73(3):535-549

为缓解黄淮海平原区地下水水位的持续下降,国家提出耕地资源休养生息的战略,而实施耕地资源休养生息的关键,是确保水平衡下的耕地资源可持续生产能力。本文从可持续理论和水平衡的条件出发,将黄淮海划分成12个自然条件、社会经济条件相对均一的农业生态区,采用不同农业生态区代表实验站限水高产的产量和管理经验,以水定产并逐步修正,得到了黄淮海平原区耕地可持续生产能力,并与现实产量对比得到产量差。结果表明：① 水平衡条件下黄淮海平原区耕地的可持续粮食生产能力为1.16亿t/年;② 可持续总产产量差为-67.85万t/年,由于限水灌溉造成的粮食产能损失为小麦331.84万t/年,玉米不存在产能损失;③ 小麦主要压产地区为黑龙港地区、鲁西平原、豫东平原以及京津唐平原,而徐淮低平原、豫东平原以及胶西黄泛平原具有一定的提产潜力。通过测算,进一步认识了黄淮海平原区耕地可持续产能状况,为区域粮食生产的合理布局以及农业限水限产提供可靠依据。  相似文献   

Culture,demography and biogeography of sponge science: From past conferences to strategic research?          下载免费PDF全文

Christine Hanna Lydia Schönberg 《Marine Ecology》2017,38(2)

Perceived changes in the culture of sponge science and sponge conferences served as motivation for an evaluation of the sponge science community and research, over time and at present. Observed changes included a decrease in proceedings publications on sponge fossils and freshwater sponges, sponges from temperate environments, review papers and data syntheses, frequency of aquarium studies, and number of species investigated per publication. Publications on recent sponges, hexactinellids, calcareans, marine, Indo‐Pacific and warm‐water sponges increased, as well as the number of authors per publication and the proportion of field studies. Studies at the level of specimens and ultrastructure were gradually replaced by molecular approaches, but studies at the community level remained stable. The five sub‐disciplines morphology/taxonomy, phylogeny/evolution, physiology, ecology and faunistics also retained about equal proportions over time. Conference publications related to taxonomy, phylogeny and biodiversity prevailed, whereas those on management and conservation were rare, possibly because studies on sponge recovery, survival and mortality were also scarce. The community of sponge scientists has grown and become more diverse over time, presently representing 72 nations. The gender distribution evened out since the first sponge conference and presently favours women at early and men at late career stages. Although stated research interests are generally dominated by physiology and ecology, taxonomy and evolution are favoured after retirement. Sponge science has become more dynamic, but maybe also more competitive and less inclusive. We now face the dual challenge of safeguarding against the loss of some sub‐disciplines, and fostering the collaborative, helpful culture characteristic of sponge science.  相似文献   

直立式防波堤口门区海啸局部冲刷规律实验研究     

陈杰  段自豪  崔懿秋  管喆  高清洋  曹城 《海洋通报》2017,36(4):475-480

海啸作为世界上最严重的自然灾害之一,其巨大的破坏力使得近海建筑物遭受了严重的损害。基于波浪水槽实验,开展海啸波作用下不同口门距离的防波堤局部冲刷机理实验研究。实验结果表明,在海啸波越顶水流产生的水跌以及海啸波通过防波堤口门时产生的扰流共同作用下,口门中心线处产生明显的局部冲刷坑,随着口门距离的增加,防波堤局部冲刷先加剧后减弱。建立防波堤局部最大冲刷深度与海啸波波高、防波堤宽度及出水高度、口门间距的关系式,揭示了最大局部冲刷深度与海啸波波高、防波堤尺寸、口门距离的内在关系。  相似文献   

中国生产控制型产业减排的居民福利和区域影响     

孙翊  钟章奇  徐程瑾  王铮 《地理科学》2015,35(9):1067-1076

基于SAM均衡建模方法,建立面向居民福利研究的中国动态多区域社会公平CGE政策模拟模型,对比分析自然情景、生产控制型减排政策情景和最优增长情景下的区域和居民福利变化。研究发现减排政策存在明显的增长率区域分异,这将破坏在自然增长下存在的区域收敛力,导致中国区域之间的差距再度被拉大。面向减排的投资控制政策短期对于居民收入的不利影响较小,但长期影响不容忽视,需要进行居民收入保护。由于城镇退休居民和农村劳动居民已经具备针对性的养老保障政策和“三农政策”保护收入增长,其总体福利受减排政策的冲击较小,因此缺乏相应政策支持的城镇劳动居民应该是收入保护的优先考虑群体。模拟显示减排政策更有利于代际和城乡人均收入差距的缩小,但考虑到减排带来的绝对收入水平下降,不能过于乐观估计这种差距缩小效应。  相似文献   

Effects of different gap filling methods and land surface energy balance closure on annual net ecosystem exchange in a semiarid area of China     

DU Qun  LIU HuiZhi  FENG JianWu  WANG Lei 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(6):1340-1351

Based on eddy covariance measurements over two kinds of land surfaces(a degraded grassland and a maize cropland)in a semiarid area of China in 2005 and 2008,the effects of different gap filling methods,energy balance closure and friction velocity threshold(u*)on annual net ecosystem exchange(NEE)were analyzed.Six gap filling methods,including mean diurnal variation(MDV),marginal distribution sampling(MDS),and nonlinear regressions method,were investigated by generating secondary datasets with four different artificial gap lengths(ranging in length from single half-hours to 12 consecutive days).The MDS generally showed a good overall performance especially for long gaps,with an annual sum bias error less than 5 g C m-2 yr-1.There was a large positive annual sum bias error for nonlinear regressions,indicating an overestimate on net ecosystem respiration.The offset in the annual sum NEE for four nonlinear regressions was from 8.0 to 30.8 g C m-2 yr-1.As soil water content was a limiting factor in the semiarid area,the nonlinear regressions considering both soil temperature and soil water content as controlling variables had a better performance than others.The performance of MDV was better in daytime than in nighttime,with an annual sum bias error falling between-2.6 and-13.4 g C m-2 yr-1.Overall,the accuracy of the gap filling method was dependent on the type of the land surface,gap length,and the time of day when the data gap occurred.The energy balance ratio for the two ecosystems was nearly 80%.Turbulent intensity had a large impact on energy balance ratio.Low energy balance ratio was observed under low friction velocity during the night.When there was a large fetch distance in a wind direction,a low energy balance ratio was caused by mismatch of the footprints between the available energy and turbulent fluxes.The effect of energy balance correction on CO2 flux was evaluated by assuming the imbalance caused by the underestimation of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux.The results showed an average increase of 10 g C m-2 yr-1 for annual NEE in both ecosystems with an energy balance correction.On the other hand,the u*threshold also have a large impact on annual sum NEE.Net carbon emission increased 37.5 g C m-2 yr-1 as u*threshold increased from 0.1 to 0.2 m s-1,indicating a large impact of imposing u*threshold on net ecosystem carbon exchange.  相似文献   

山东省地区经济差距的地带与产业来源分解   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张红霞  王学真 《地理科学》2014,34(8):955-962

通过利用变异系数法对1989~2012年山东省地区经济差距演变的统计分析和利用Theil指数法对差距来源的结构分解表明,山东省地区经济差距呈现倒“U”型变化轨迹,以东部内部差距为主导的地带内差距和以第二、三产业为主导的产业内差距,构成了1989~2012年山东省经济差距的主要地带来源和产业来源,地带间差距和产业间差距仍不可忽视。根据实证结论,建议政府部门在依地区要素禀赋调整产业布局、促进优势企业跨地区扩张、提高对落后地区的教育扶持等方面加强宏观政策调控,以兼顾地区经济平衡与产业结构优化。  相似文献   

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陈梦竹  程雄  张新利  高晖 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,33(4):83-87

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